What is Melasma?
Melasma is a common skin condition that causes brown, gray-brown, or dark patches on the skin, most commonly on the face. It is a harmless pigmentation disorder but can affect self-confidence. Melasma is more common in women, especially during pregnancy, but it can also occur in men.
Brown or gray-brown patches on the face Symmetrical pigmentation on both sides of the face Commonly affects the cheeks, forehead, nose, upper lip, and chin Usually painless and non-itchy Pigmentation becomes darker after sun exposure
Epidermal Melasma: Pigment is located in the outer layer of the skin. Dermal Melasma: Pigment is located deeper within the skin. Mixed Melasma: A combination of both epidermal and dermal pigmentation.
Excessive sun exposure Hormonal changes (pregnancy or birth control pills) Genetic predisposition Heat and visible light exposure Certain cosmetics or skincare products Thyroid disorders (in some individuals)
Melasma is usually diagnosed through a clinical examination by a dermatologist. In some cases, a Wood’s lamp examination or dermoscopy may be used to assess the depth of pigmentation.
Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) every day. Wear a hat and protective clothing when outdoors. Avoid prolonged sun and heat exposure. Use gentle skincare products. Follow a consistent sun-protection routine.
