What Is Pediculosis Capitis?
Pediculosis Capitis, commonly known as head lice, is a common parasitic infestation of the scalp caused by Pediculus humanus capitis. It mainly affects school-aged children but can occur in people of any age. Head lice are not a sign of poor hygiene and are spread through close head-to-head contact.
How Does It Spread?
* Direct head-to-head contact
* Sharing combs or hairbrushes
* Sharing hats, scarves, helmets, or hair accessories
* Sharing pillows or bedding (less common)
Common Symptoms
* Intense itching of the scalp
* Tickling or crawling sensation in the hair
* Small red bumps on the scalp or neck
* Scratch marks or sores due to itching
* Visible lice or tiny eggs (nits) attached firmly to hair shafts, especially behind the ears and at the back of the neck
Commonly Affected Areas
* Scalp
* Behind the ears
* Back of the neck
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on:
* Medical history
* Physical examination
* Identification of live lice or nits on the scalp and hair
When Should You See a Dermatologist?
Consult a dermatologist if:
* Persistent scalp itching continues despite treatment.
* Live lice continue to be seen after treatment.
* The scalp becomes infected due to scratching.
* The diagnosis is uncertain or another scalp condition is suspected.
* Infestation keeps recurring.
Prevention
* Avoid head-to-head contact during outbreaks.
* Do not share personal hair care items.
* Regularly inspect children’s hair if there is an outbreak at school or home.
* Wash clothing, hats, pillowcases, and bedding used by an affected person.
* Clean combs and hairbrushes thoroughly.
Important Facts
* Head lice are not caused by poor hygiene.
* They do not spread disease.
* Anyone can get head lice regardless of age, gender, or hair type.
* Early detection helps prevent spread to family members and close contacts.
